Periodic Table ~ nitrogen ~ Element ~ CAS 7727-37-9

nitrogen

Name	nitrogen
Symbol	N
Atomic Weight	14.0067
Atomic Number	7
CAS ID	7727-37-9
Group Number	15
Group Name	Pnictogen
Period Number	2
Origin of Name	Greek, nitron genes = "nitre forming."
Year Discovered	1792
Discovery Credits	D. Rutherford at Edinburgh, Scotland.
Class	Non-Metallic
Color	Colorless
Standard State	Gas at 77 F & 298 K
Description	Odorless, colorless gas comprising 78% of the atmosphere. Generally unreactive at room temperature. Extensive inorganic and organic chemistry. Used in fertilizers, acids, explosives, plastics, dyes, etc. Recovered on an industrial scale by the liquefaction of air. Diagnostic tests: As nitrates (NO4^-), these detonate and pop when heated on charcoal. As ammonium (NH4⁺), a solution of NaOH evolves ammonia gas when heated which is detected by its sharp odor.